J/A+A/592/A54       Combined ArTeMiS+SPIRE 350um image of NGC6334 (Andre+, 2016)
Characterizing filaments in regions of high-mass star formation:
High-resolution submilimeter imaging of the massive star-forming complex
NGC 6334 with ArTeMiS.
    Andre P., Reveret V., Konyves V., Arzoumanian D., Tige J., Gallais P.,
    Roussel H., Le Pennec J., Rodriguez L., Doumayrou E., Dubreuil D.,
    Lortholary M., Martignac J., Talvard M., Delisle C., Visticot F., Dumaye L.,
    De Breuck C., Shimajiri Y., Motte F., Bontemps S., Hennemann M., Zavagno A.,
    Russeil D., Schneider N., Palmeirim P., Peretto N., Hill T., Minier V.,
    Roy A., Rygl K.L.J.
    <Astron. Astrophys. 592, A54 (2016)>
    =2016A&A...592A..54A 2016A&A...592A..54A        (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Interstellar medium ; Molecular clouds ; Nebulae ; H II regions
Keywords: stars: formation - circumstellar matter - ISM: clouds -
          ISM: structure - ISM: individual objects: NGC 6334 -
          submillimeter: ISM
Abstract:
    Herschel observations of nearby molecular clouds suggest that
    interstellar filaments and prestellar cores represent two fundamental
    steps in the star formation process. The observations support a
    picture of low-mass star formation according to which filaments of
    ∼0.1pc width form first in the cold interstellar medium, probably as a
    result of large-scale compression of interstellar matter by supersonic
    turbulent flows, and then prestellar cores arise from gravitational
    fragmentation of the densest filaments. Whether this scenario also
    applies to regions of high-mass star formation is an open question, in
    part because the resolution of Herschel is insufficient to resolve the
    inner width of filaments in the nearest regions of massive star
    formation.
    In an effort to characterize the inner width of filaments in high-mass
    star-forming regions, we imaged the central part of the NGC 6334
    complex at a resolution higher by a factor of >3 than Herschel at
    350microns.
    We used the large-format bolometer camera ArTeMiS on the APEX
    telescope and combined the high-resolution ArTeMiS data at 350microns
    with Herschel/HOBYS data at 70-500microns to ensure good sensitivity
    to a broad range of spatial scales. This allowed us to study the
    structure of the main narrow filament of the complex with a resolution
    of 8" or <0.07pc at d∼1.7kpc.
    Our study confirms that this filament is a very dense, massive linear
    structure with a line mass ranging from ∼500M☉/pc to
    ∼2000M☉/pc over nearly 10pc. It also demonstrates for the first
    time that its inner width remains as narrow as W∼0.15±0.05pc all
    along the filament length, within a factor of <2 of the characteristic
    0.1pc value found with Herschel for lower-mass filaments in the Gould
    Belt.
    While it is not completely clear whether the NGC 6334 filament will
    form massive stars in the future, it is two to three orders of
    magnitude denser than the majority of filaments observed in Gould Belt
    clouds, and has a very similar inner width. This points to a common
    physical mechanism for setting the filament width and suggests that
    some important structural properties of nearby clouds also hold in
    high-mass star-forming regions.
Description:
    High dynamic range dust continuum map of the NGC 6334 star-forming
    complex at 350 microns obtained by combining high-resolution
    ground-based observations taken with the ArTeMiS camera on the APEX
    telescope and Herschel Space Observatory data from the HOBYS key
    project (Motte et al., 2010A&A...518L..77M 2010A&A...518L..77M; Russeil et al.
    2013A&A...554A..42R 2013A&A...554A..42R). The effective angular resolution is ∼ 8" (HPBW).
Objects:
    ---------------------------------------------------------
       RA  (2000)  DE       Designation(s)
    ---------------------------------------------------------
    17 20 51     -36 06.9   NGC 6334 = NAME Cat's Paw Nebula
    ---------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
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 FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations
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ReadMe            80        .   This file
list.dat         118        1   Information of fits image
ngc6334.fits    2880      500   Fits image
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See also:
  J/A+A/481/169  : ATCA 3mm obs. of NGC 6334I and NGC 6334I(N) (Beuther+, 2008)
  J/A+A/587/A135 : Halpha images of NGC 6334 and NGC 6357 (Russeil+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: list.dat
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   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
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   1-  2  I2    h       RAh       Right Ascension of center (J2000)
   4-  5  I2    min     RAm       Right Ascension of center (J2000)
   7- 11  F5.2  s       RAs       Right Ascension of center (J2000)
      13  A1    ---     DE-       Declination sign of center (J2000)
  14- 15  I2    deg     DEd       Declination of center (J2000)
  17- 18  I2    arcmin  DEm       Declination of center (J2000)
  20- 21  I2    arcsec  DEs       Declination of center (J2000)
  23- 25  F3.1 arcsec/pix scale   Scale of the image
  27- 30  I4    ---     Nx        Number of pixels along X-axis
  32- 35  I4    ---     Ny        Number of pixels along Y-axis
  37- 40  I4    Kibyte  size      Size of FITS file
  42- 71  A30   ---     FileName  Name of FITS file
  73-118  A46   ---     Title     Title of the FITS file
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Acknowledgements:
    Philippe Andre, pandre(at)cea.fr
(End)        Philippe Andre [CEA, France], Patricia Vannier [CDS]    31-May-2016