The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk And Multiplicity (VANDAM) survey of Orion protostars. II. A statistical characterization of class 0 and class I protostellar disks. (2020)
Keywords :
Protostars ; Protoplanetary disks ; Young stellar objects ; Star formation
Abstract:We have conducted a survey of 328 protostars in the Orion molecular clouds with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at 0.87mm at a resolution of ~0.1" (40au), including observations with the Very Large Array at 9mm toward 148 protostars at a resolution of ~0.08" (32au). This is the largest multiwavelength survey of protostars at this resolution by an order of magnitude. We use the dust continuum emission at 0.87 and 9mm to measure the dust disk radii and masses toward the Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars, characterizing the evolution of these disk properties in the protostellar phase. The mean dust disk radii for the Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars are 44.9_-3.4_^+5.8^, 37.0_-3.0_^+4.9^,
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The sample of protostars is drawn from the Herschel Orion Protostar
Survey (HOPS; Fischer+ 2010A&A...518L.122F ; Stutz+ 2013, J/ApJ/767/36
and Furlan+ 2016, J/ApJS/224/5).
ALMA is located in northern Chile on the Chajnantor Plateau at an
elevation of ~5000m. The protostars in Orion selected for observations
with ALMA at 0.87mm were divided into three scheduling blocks. One
scheduling block contained the selected protostars in the Orion B
molecular cloud, and two other scheduling blocks contained the
selected protostars in the Orion A molecular cloud. Each scheduling
block was successfully executed three times, for nine executions in
total. Six were executed in 2016 September, and three were executed in
2017 July. See Section 2.2.
We conducted observations with the VLA in the A configuration between
2016 October 20 and 2017 January 7 in ~100 individual observations.
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